[Encyclopedia]. E. [Ephraim] Chambers. CYCLOPAEDIA: Or, an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. Containing Explanation of the Terms, and an Account of The Several Subjects, in the Liberal and Mechanical Arts, and the Sciences, Human and Divine. Intended as a Course of Ancient and Modern Learning. By E. Chambers, F. R. S. With the Supplement, and Modern Improvements, Incorporated in one Alphabet. By Abraham Rees, D. D. 5 Vols: 4 Text Volumes + Volume of Addenda/ Index/Plates. Lon: J. F. and C. Rivington, A. Hamilton, T. Payne and Son, et. al., 1786, 1779, 1781, 1783, 1786, mixed ed. Thick folio. Recased, retaining old leather covers, red and black labels mounted to spines. Losses to spine labels, corners of covers worn with rounding, external scuffing. 2 folding sheets of type specimens + 4 nonfolding leaves of type specimens + 145 (of 146) engraved plates (lacking only the Crustacea plate). The above plate count includes frontises and the 2nd Astronomy plate to be numbered “II.” There are 15 Botany plates despite the oddities in their plate numbering. Mostly marginal tears (occasionally penetrating the plate mark, including plate marks of most Anatomy and Electricity plates, and Quadrupeds Plate IV). Fortifications plate VII and 1 Anatomy plate have loss within plate mark. Some other plates chipped occasionally (usually in margin). Pages and plates foxed and slightly toned, occasional dampstains. Wear at corners of leaves, also affecting the frontises, which also show edgewear. Index/Plate volume’s frontis has edge chipping. Index/plate volume’s frontis has horizontal crease (repaired on recto) and marginal tears. Ownership on titles: “Robert Tempest… 1809.” Same owner’s name inked in upper margin of the first plate following Index volume’s text (within plate mark but not image). The 2 folding sheets (which have type specimens) are creased. 1st folding sheet of type fully split along fold. Sold with all faults. The plates cover the full range of scientific knowledge then available to mankind: For instance, human anatomy, botany, birds, fishes, electricity, mathematics, horology, optics, and 3 plates of “microscopical objects.” The plates of mechanics and hydrology provide a view of gears and other early devices. The architecture plate is double-page. Late in the plate volume is “A Specimen of Printing Types, By William Caslon, Letter-Founder to His Majesty” (4 leaves [or 8 pages] + 2 folding sheets, including a partial-page specimen of engraved musical score, see ESTC T49590). Although the words “chimpanzee” and “orang-outing” are widely believed to have come into use in the Western scientific community in the 19th Century, this contains a very early appearance of both terms: Quadrupeds plate IV has a “Chimpanzee or Orang-outang,” standing upright.