Print from steel engraving titled „Rom und Carthago vor den Punischen Kriegen“.Author Heinrich Kiepert.Engraved by W. Kratz.In the map there are a magnified and marked view of Greek colonies in Italy and Sicily. Also Syracuse and Carthago.From H. Kiepert, Historisch-geographischer Atlas der alten Welt, Weimar, Geographisches Institut, 1857.Heinrich Kiepert (July 31, 1818 - April 21, 1899) was a German geographer. He published his first geographical work, with Carl Ritter, in 1840, titled Atlas von Hellas und den hellenischen Kolonien. The atlas focused on ancient Greece. In 1848 his Historisch-geographischer Atlas der alten Welt was published. In 1854, his atlas, Atlas antiquus was released. It was translated into five languages. Neuer Handatlas über alle Teile der Erde was first published in 1855. In 1877 his Lehrbuch der alten Geographie was published, and in 1879 Leitfaden der alten Geographie, which was translated into English (A Manual of Ancient Geography, 1881) and into French. In 1894 he created the first part of a larger atlas of the ancient world titled Formae orbis antiqui. He traveled to Asia Minor four times between 1841 and 1848. He created two maps of the region, including Karte des osmanischen Reiches in Asien, in 1844. Kiepert taught geography at the University of Humboldt-Berlin starting in 1854. He taught at the university until his death.The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC. At the time, they were probably the largest wars that had ever taken place. The main cause of the Punic Wars was the conflicts of interest between the existing Carthaginian Empire and the expanding Roman Republic. The Romans were initially interested in expansion via Sicily (which at that time was a cultural melting pot), part of which lay under Carthaginian control. At the start of the first Punic War, Carthage was the dominant power of the Western Mediterranean, with an extensive maritime empire, while Rome was the rapidly ascending power in Italy, but lacked the naval power of Carthage. By the end of the third war, after more than a hundred years, and the loss of many hundreds of thousands of soldiers from both sides, Rome had conquered Carthage's empire and completely destroyed the city, becoming the most powerful state of the Western Mediterranean.The Roman Republic was the period of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome expanded from the city of Rome itself to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. During the first two centuries of its existence the Roman Republic expanded through a combination of conquest and alliance, from central Italy to the entire Italian peninsula. By the following century it included North Africa, Spain, and what is now southern France. Two centuries after that, towards the end of the 1st century BC, it included the rest of modern France, Greece, and much of the eastern Mediterranean.Ancient Carthage was a Semitic civilization centered on the Phoenician city-state of Carthage, located in North Africa on the Gulf of Tunis, outside what is now Tunis, Tunisia. It was founded in 814 BC. For much of its history, Carthage was in a constant state of struggle with the Greeks on Sicily and the Roman Republic, which led to a series of armed conflicts known as the Greek-Punic Wars and Punic Wars. The city also had to deal with the potentially hostile Berbers, the indigenous inhabitants of the entire area where Carthage was built. In 146 BC, after the third and final Punic War, Carthage was destroyed and then occupied by Roman forces. Nearly all of the other Phoenician city-states and former Carthaginian dependencies fell into Roman hands from then on.Approx. image size 27 x 20, 2/30, 9 x 24 cm.

Condition: medium.