[FRANCE] Ange RenÈ Armand, Baron de Mackau (1788-1855) French naval officer and politician. During the Napoleonic Era, After several battles and the capture of several merchant vessels, Mackau was named in 1812 as a frigate captain at the age of only twenty-four. He received command of the French squadron charged with protecting the Tuscan coast, where in December he participated in the defense of Livorno. The next year, he returned to Toulon with every ship-of-the-line in his squadron unharmed and a great quantity of supplies drawn from Livorno and Genoa. In command of CircÈ, he was directed to Haiti in order for it to accept the \\\"Ordinance of Emancipation\\\" of 17 April 1825, which partially recognized the independence of the formerly French half of the island (while leaving Haiti\\\'s occupation of the formerly Spanish half unrecognized, and in the event withholding full diplomatic recognition for another decade) while ordering, in return, five annual payments of ₣30 million in cash from the impoverished nation, opening of the ports to trade from all nations, and a tariff rate for French goods half that of any other nation. The Haitians particularly objected to the exemption of the Spanish section from any obligation or recognition under the treaty, a stipulation which would lead to the Dominican War of Independence, but being met by the addition squadrons under Admirals Jurien de la GraviËre and Grivel and threatening French reconquest of the nation, Mackau obtained confirmation of the order. Named counter admiral on 1 September 1825, member of the Council of the Admiralty in 1828, and director of naval personnel on 17 September 1829, he participated in the preparation of the Algerian Expedition and displayed there a marked firmness of will and power. [There is much more to say about this naval officer but we\\\'ll stop here]. Document Signed, 1844, as Minsiter of Marine, 1p, approx. 8 x 12\\\". This has been backed to old heavy paper.

This has been backed to old heavy paper.