An embroidered red silk satin Han Chinese woman's jacket, mangao , 19th century , worn by the wife of a high-ranking offical, loose-fitting with wide sleeves and a side opening from neck to the underarm, embroidered in gold thread with ten five-clawed dragons above a sea wave border, 137cm wide and 95cm high 清 十九世纪 橘红地绣金蟒袄一件 Traditionally, mangao jackets were worn over a dragon skirt, with dragons and phoenyxes embroidered on the front and back panels. A rigid hooped belt called jiaodai , made of bamboo and covered with red silk satin with ornamental plaques, was worn around the mangao and held in place by loops at the sides of the jackets. For reference on the origin of the mangao see Garrett, Chinese dress: from the Qing to the Present , 2008, p. 98, fig. 186 and 187.