A Roman Terracotta Head of Medusa
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Description
This fragment was probably part of the frieze of a building, or alternatively part of a Campana relief or of an antefix.
The depiction of the goddess is intentionally ugly. She was one of the Gorgons, terrifying female creatures, like her sisters, Stheno and Euryale. Medusa was the only one of them who was not immortal (she was killed by Perseus). She had a frightening, petrifying gaze, and because of this a Gorgoneion (a depiction of the grotesque face) was often used as protection for buildings and objects, being placed on walls, doors and tombstones, as well as on ships, shields, breastplates and elsewhere, protecting against evil and the evil eye.
Depictions of Perseus with Athena and the Gorgoneion were popular, see Adolf Heinrich Borbein, Campanareliefs. Typologische und Stilkritische Untersuchungen (Heidelberg, 1968), p. 178 ff., esp. pl. 36, 1-2 showing archaic elements like on our piece. For elements like this on an ornamental frieze see ibid., p. 189 ff., pl. 42,2.
Roman, first half of the first century C.E.
Size: ca. 12 x 12 cm; height including stand ca. 18.5 cm.
Provenance: Collection of Helen Schou (a Danish artist), acquired 1930-40. With Winkel & Magnussen 1933, auction 130, catalogue no. 668.
Published: Tiere und Mischwesen VIII, catalog 20, (Basel, Jean-David Cahn AG, 2008), no. 52.
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