Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968) was a French-American artist associated with the Dada and Surrealist movements, and he is best known for his conceptual and provocative works that challenged traditional notions of art. Here are key points about Marcel Duchamp:1. **Early Life**: Marcel Duchamp was born on July 28, 1887, in Blainville-Crevon, France, into a family of artists. His siblings, Raymond Duchamp-Villon and Jacques Villon, were also artists.2. **Early Artistic Career**: Duchamp began his artistic career as a painter, and his early works were influenced by Impressionism and Fauvism. He was associated with the Cubist movement and exhibited with the Section d'Or group.3. **Readymades**: Duchamp is perhaps best known for his concept of "readymades," ordinary objects that he selected and presented as works of art. The most famous example is "Fountain" (1917), a urinal signed with the pseudonym "R. Mutt."4. **Dada Movement**: Duchamp was a key figure in the Dada movement, an avant-garde movement that emerged during World War I. Dada artists rejected traditional artistic conventions and often employed absurdity and randomness in their works.5. **"The Large Glass" (The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even)**: One of Duchamp's major works, "The Large Glass," created between 1915 and 1923, is a complex piece with intricate symbolism. It was left unfinished and is considered a masterpiece of 20th-century art.6. **Rrose Sélavy**: Duchamp created an alter ego named Rrose Sélavy, a persona he used for some of his works and photographs. The name is a play on the phrase "Eros, c'est la vie" (Eros, that's life).7. **Surrealist Connections**: Duchamp was associated with Surrealism, particularly during the 1930s. His interests in chance, the unconscious, and the irrational aligned with Surrealist principles.8. **"Étant donnés"**: Duchamp's final major work, "Étant donnés," was created in secret over a period of 20 years and was revealed after his death in 1968. It consists of a tableau visible through a peephole, creating a mysterious and voyeuristic experience.9. **Chess**: Duchamp was an avid chess player, and he became a French chess champion. In the 1920s, he shifted focus from art to chess, only returning to art later in his career.10. **Legacy and Influence**: Duchamp's influence on the art world is profound. His questioning of artistic conventions and his emphasis on conceptual ideas over craftsmanship paved the way for conceptual art and installation art in the latter half of the 20th century.11. **Death**: Marcel Duchamp passed away on October 2, 1968, in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. His impact on contemporary art continued to grow posthumously, with many artists recognizing the significance of his ideas and approach.Marcel Duchamp's radical ideas and challenging of traditional artistic norms played a pivotal role in the development of modern and contemporary art. His legacy extends beyond his own artistic output, shaping the trajectory of conceptual art and influencing subsequent generations of artists.

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