SUPERB MEDIEVAL EUROPEAN CROSS NECKLACE

Silvered bronze, 13th-15th century. Just under 1 12” total height, symmetrical, with the cross beam centered. The beams flared in the Maltese cross fashion with triple circle terminals derived f

11th-12th century of early style with centered cross beam and the beam tips crossed in the Jerusalem Cross fashion used through the Crusades. The tips further embellished with low domes with crenulate

The emergence from the Dark Ages is embodied in the rise to power of the Frankish King, Charlemagne in 768 (founder of the Holy Roman Empire after 800) followed by conquering southern Europe from Fran

7th-10th Century AD. Gilt bronze, 1 5/8" height including the loop. Cross beam above center. Both beams flared to the terminals like the Maltese Cross. Fine ghostly Christ figure with arms raised in t

Under 1 1/8" height with centered cross beam and a square at the intersection. Each beam with incised medial and the square with indents at the corners. Carried by European pilgrims traveling to the H

This superb ring combines a favorite Medieval motif, the four point Star of Bethlehem with the Jerusalem Cross of the Crusades. See Ancient Rings, Pollio, p.30, bottom right for an example dated 10th-

17th-18th century, Orthodox rite. Gilt bronze, over 2 1/4" height. A raised edge cross enclosing a stick cross (no Corpus Christi) with ciphers at the beam terminals. Reverse flat and plain as typical

17th-18th century, Orthodox rite. Gilt bronze, under 1 3/4" height. A stick cross (no Corpus Christi) on a broad base with partially raised edges, with ciphers at the beam terminals. Reverse flat with

Silvered bronze, an extraordinary example over 1 5/8" height with the cross beam slightly above center and each beam expanding toward the ends. That form was later modified to become the Maltese Cross

17th-18th century, Ukraine /Russia. Gilt bronze, just under 1 1/2" height plus the suspension loop. Elegant form with a raised cross-centered. The charges above. Reverse plain, with slight depressions

17th-18th century, Poland/Russia/Ukraine. Gilt bronze, just under 1 1/2" height plus the suspension loop. Elegant form with a raised cross-centered and Cyrillic ciphers at the beam terminals. Reverse

17th-18th century, Orthodox rite. Gilt bronze, just under 1 3/8" in height plus the suspension loop. Elegant slender beam, cross with the cross beam above center, surmounted by a thin cross with no Co

Silvered bronze, about 3/4" height plus the suspension loop. The crossbeam above canter and the beam ends bifurcated based on the Maltese Cross. The front with four concentric circles, probably a carr

The Lorraine cross with double cross beams in a circular surround. The form, size, and workmanship are specifically related to the Crusader's crosses bearing the Jerusalem cross in honor of Godfrey of

The Lorraine cross with double cross beams in a circular surround. The form, size, and workmanship are specifically related to the Crusader's crosses bearing the Jerusalem cross in honor of Godfrey of

Ukrainian or Russian. Gilt bronze, just under 2" in height. Modeled in high relief and finely detailed. Incised central cross with no Corpus Christi. The junction with a halo supporting radials. The r

The Lorraine cross with double cross beams in a circular surround. The form, size, and workmanship are specifically related to the Crusader's crosses bearing the Jerusalem cross in honor of Godfrey of

1096-1291. Circular, pierced with a cross potent, i.e. with "crutches" at the beam ends. That form is also known as the Crusader's cross, having been an element in the arms of Godfrey Bouillon which h

Gilt bronze, just over 1 5/8" in height. Modeled in high relief and finely detailed. Raised central cross with no Corpus Christi and a heart wreath at the center. The field with Cyrillic ciphers overa

Ukrainian or Russian. Gilt bronze, just under 1 1/2" in height. Modeled in high relief and finely detailed. Incised central cross with no Corpus Christi. The junction with supporting circles and radia

Gilt bronze, just over 1 3/4" in height. Modeled in high relief and finely detailed. Incised central cross with no Corpus Christi. The junction with a halo supporting radials. The reverse with a cross

Gilt bronze, just over 1 3/8" plus the loop in height. Modeled in good relief with raised border, central vacant cross (no Corpus Christi) with panels at the cross beam terminals, evidently depicting

Gilt bronze, just over 2 1/4" in height. Modeled in good relief with raised border, central vacant cross (no Corpus Christi) with panels at the cross beam terminals, evidently depicting saints. Revers

Gilt bronze, just over 2 1/4" in height. Modeled in good relief with raised border, central vacant cross (no Corpus Christi) with panels at the cross beam terminals, evidently depicting saints. Revers